<font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial;">厨房插座设计</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;´> <span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>根据现行国家设计规范,对厨房插座数量种类进行了相应的规定,如《住宅设计规范</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"> GB 50096-1999</font></span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>》(简称住规)、《民用建筑电气设计规范</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"> JGJ16-2008</font></span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>》(简称民规)等,如下表所示:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font><table width="592" class="MsoNormalTable" style="margin: auto auto auto 20.05pt; border: currentColor; width: 444.35pt; border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid black; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid black;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><font face="宋体">
</font><tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes;"><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="273" valign="top" style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border: 1pt solid black; width: 205.1pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 72pt; mso-char-indent-count: 6.0;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>部</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>位</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="319" valign="top" style="border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-color: black black black rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 239.25pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></font></span><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>设</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>置</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>数</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>量</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font></tr><font face="宋体">
</font><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;"><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="273" valign="top" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) black black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 205.1pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>卧室、厨房</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="319" valign="top" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) black black rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 239.25pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>一个单相三线和一个单相二线的插座两组</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font></tr><font face="宋体">
</font><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;"><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="273" valign="top" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) black black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 205.1pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>起居室(厅)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="319" valign="top" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) black black rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 239.25pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>一个单相三线和一个单相二线的插座三组</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font></tr><font face="宋体">
</font><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;"><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="273" valign="top" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) black black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 205.1pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>卫生间</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="319" valign="top" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) black black rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 239.25pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>防溅水型一个单相三线和一个单相二线的组合插座一组</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font></tr><font face="宋体">
</font><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="273" valign="top" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) black black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 205.1pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>布置洗衣机、冰箱、排气机械和空调器等处</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="319" valign="top" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) black black rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 239.25pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>专用单相三线插座各一个</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font></tr><font face="宋体">
</font></tbody></table><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>在规范中可以看出,厨房在通常情况下设置三至四处插座。一处设在烟道附近,供抽油烟机专用;两处设在操作台墙面上,供厨房电器使用;另一处根据不同的建筑布局设于内墙阴角处,供电冰箱使用。通过实际的工程案例发现,上述插座规定数量应仅为最小值,且大致可以满足基本日常生活的需要。笔者通过一些走访,发现相当部分的家庭都会感到插座不够用,有的要用临时线加接插座板作补充,一块插座板上接两三个用电设备是常见现象。如果这些用电设备都是小容量,例如家用电脑要用到三四个插座,这是允许的。如果插座板同时接多个大功率电器是不允许的,因为导线会过载发热,从而有可能导致电气火灾事故的发生。曾见过在厨房的同一个接线板上插着电热水壶、电饭煲以及电磁炉,如果三者同时工作,极有可能造成安全隐患。同时临时线在使用中易受损,会导致人身电击事故的发生。此外,发达国家也是不允许临时线长期使用的,并规定要有足够的插座数量。笔者建议从以下几个方面需认真考虑厨房插座的数量及位置。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>)在厨柜与吊柜之间的墙面上,距地高度</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">1.5</font></span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>米设置三组插座(</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">单相二线加三线插座)</span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>。如果墙面面积有限的话,也可考虑使用插座组。这样既保证了两种以上的电器同时使用,提高了居民的操作效率,还为今后厨房电器的增多预留了使用条件,同时也可尽量避免电气火灾的发生。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>)抽油烟机一般安装于烟道旁的位置上,因此烟机专用插座应设在烟道旁的墙壁上。通过实测抽油烟机的顶高通常在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>米左后,因此插座高度应定为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">2.2</font></span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>米为宜,以免安装抽油烟机时与插座的位置相碰,造成不必要的调整。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">)</span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>壁挂燃气炉安装在厨房内,应设置其电源插座。此外,考虑</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">家用壁装式可燃气体报警器一般为单相两极插头,可与壁挂燃气炉共用插座,故选用单相二线加三线插座为宜。</span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>根据实际情况,可预埋燃气探测器管线至楼层安防箱,以便今后做消防联网之用。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>)冰箱插座结合建筑专业预期的家具布置,选好安装位置。以往的一些项目中还会遇到在厨房阳台摆放洗衣机,因此也需要设置洗衣机专用插座(带开关型)。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font><span lang="EN-US" style=´font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;´>5</span><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;´>)厨房在工作状态下,基本属于密闭状态,并伴有油烟机等噪音,居民往往反映听不到客厅的电话铃音,因此设计时可以适当考虑在厨房非操作台的墙面上预留电话接线盒,高度距地</span><span lang="EN-US" style=´font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;´>1.5m</span><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;´>,方便今后安装电话分机使用,同时也为未来的厨房电器信息化发展做了预留条件。</span>"/>
<font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial;">厨房插座设计</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;´> <span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>根据现行国家设计规范,对厨房插座数量种类进行了相应的规定,如《住宅设计规范</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"> GB 50096-1999</font></span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>》(简称住规)、《民用建筑电气设计规范</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"> JGJ16-2008</font></span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>》(简称民规)等,如下表所示:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font><table width="592" class="MsoNormalTable" style="margin: auto auto auto 20.05pt; border: currentColor; width: 444.35pt; border-collapse: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid black; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid black;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><font face="宋体">
</font><tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes;"><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="273" valign="top" style="padding: 0cm 5.4pt; border: 1pt solid black; width: 205.1pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-indent: 72pt; mso-char-indent-count: 6.0;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>部</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></span><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>位</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
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</font><td width="319" valign="top" style="border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: solid solid solid none; border-color: black black black rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 239.25pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></font></span><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>设</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>置</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>数</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>量</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font></tr><font face="宋体">
</font><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;"><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="273" valign="top" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) black black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 205.1pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>卧室、厨房</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="319" valign="top" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) black black rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 239.25pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>一个单相三线和一个单相二线的插座两组</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
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</font><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;"><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="273" valign="top" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) black black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 205.1pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>起居室(厅)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="319" valign="top" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) black black rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 239.25pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>一个单相三线和一个单相二线的插座三组</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font></tr><font face="宋体">
</font><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;"><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="273" valign="top" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) black black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 205.1pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>卫生间</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="319" valign="top" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) black black rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 239.25pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>防溅水型一个单相三线和一个单相二线的组合插座一组</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font></tr><font face="宋体">
</font><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="273" valign="top" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; border-style: none solid solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) black black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 205.1pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>布置洗衣机、冰箱、排气机械和空调器等处</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font><td width="319" valign="top" style="border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; border-style: none solid solid none; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) black black rgb(0, 0, 0); padding: 0cm 5.4pt; width: 239.25pt; background-color: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt;"><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>专用单相三线插座各一个</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font></td><font face="宋体">
</font></tr><font face="宋体">
</font></tbody></table><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>在规范中可以看出,厨房在通常情况下设置三至四处插座。一处设在烟道附近,供抽油烟机专用;两处设在操作台墙面上,供厨房电器使用;另一处根据不同的建筑布局设于内墙阴角处,供电冰箱使用。通过实际的工程案例发现,上述插座规定数量应仅为最小值,且大致可以满足基本日常生活的需要。笔者通过一些走访,发现相当部分的家庭都会感到插座不够用,有的要用临时线加接插座板作补充,一块插座板上接两三个用电设备是常见现象。如果这些用电设备都是小容量,例如家用电脑要用到三四个插座,这是允许的。如果插座板同时接多个大功率电器是不允许的,因为导线会过载发热,从而有可能导致电气火灾事故的发生。曾见过在厨房的同一个接线板上插着电热水壶、电饭煲以及电磁炉,如果三者同时工作,极有可能造成安全隐患。同时临时线在使用中易受损,会导致人身电击事故的发生。此外,发达国家也是不允许临时线长期使用的,并规定要有足够的插座数量。笔者建议从以下几个方面需认真考虑厨房插座的数量及位置。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>)在厨柜与吊柜之间的墙面上,距地高度</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">1.5</font></span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>米设置三组插座(</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">单相二线加三线插座)</span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>。如果墙面面积有限的话,也可考虑使用插座组。这样既保证了两种以上的电器同时使用,提高了居民的操作效率,还为今后厨房电器的增多预留了使用条件,同时也可尽量避免电气火灾的发生。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>)抽油烟机一般安装于烟道旁的位置上,因此烟机专用插座应设在烟道旁的墙壁上。通过实测抽油烟机的顶高通常在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>米左后,因此插座高度应定为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">2.2</font></span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>米为宜,以免安装抽油烟机时与插座的位置相碰,造成不必要的调整。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">)</span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>壁挂燃气炉安装在厨房内,应设置其电源插座。此外,考虑</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">家用壁装式可燃气体报警器一般为单相两极插头,可与壁挂燃气炉共用插座,故选用单相二线加三线插座为宜。</span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>根据实际情况,可预埋燃气探测器管线至楼层安防箱,以便今后做消防联网之用。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style=´line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";´>)冰箱插座结合建筑专业预期的家具布置,选好安装位置。以往的一些项目中还会遇到在厨房阳台摆放洗衣机,因此也需要设置洗衣机专用插座(带开关型)。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 150%; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><font face="宋体">
</font><span lang="EN-US" style=´font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;´>5</span><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;´>)厨房在工作状态下,基本属于密闭状态,并伴有油烟机等噪音,居民往往反映听不到客厅的电话铃音,因此设计时可以适当考虑在厨房非操作台的墙面上预留电话接线盒,高度距地</span><span lang="EN-US" style=´font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;´>1.5m</span><span style=´font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;´>,方便今后安装电话分机使用,同时也为未来的厨房电器信息化发展做了预留条件。</span>"/>
厨房插座设计
根据现行国家设计规范,对厨房插座数量种类进行了相应的规定,如《住宅设计规范 GB 50096-1999》(简称住规)、《民用建筑电气设计规范 JGJ16-2008》(简称民规)等,如下表所示:
部 位 |
设 置
数 量 |
卧室、厨房 |
一个单相三线和一个单相二线的插座两组 |
起居室(厅) |
一个单相三线和一个单相二线的插座三组 |
卫生间 |
防溅水型一个单相三线和一个单相二线的组合插座一组 |
布置洗衣机、冰箱、排气机械和空调器等处 |
专用单相三线插座各一个 |
在规范中可以看出,厨房在通常情况下设置三至四处插座。一处设在烟道附近,供抽油烟机专用;两处设在操作台墙面上,供厨房电器使用;另一处根据不同的建筑布局设于内墙阴角处,供电冰箱使用。通过实际的工程案例发现,上述插座规定数量应仅为最小值,且大致可以满足基本日常生活的需要。笔者通过一些走访,发现相当部分的家庭都会感到插座不够用,有的要用临时线加接插座板作补充,一块插座板上接两三个用电设备是常见现象。如果这些用电设备都是小容量,例如家用电脑要用到三四个插座,这是允许的。如果插座板同时接多个大功率电器是不允许的,因为导线会过载发热,从而有可能导致电气火灾事故的发生。曾见过在厨房的同一个接线板上插着电热水壶、电饭煲以及电磁炉,如果三者同时工作,极有可能造成安全隐患。同时临时线在使用中易受损,会导致人身电击事故的发生。此外,发达国家也是不允许临时线长期使用的,并规定要有足够的插座数量。笔者建议从以下几个方面需认真考虑厨房插座的数量及位置。
1)在厨柜与吊柜之间的墙面上,距地高度1.5米设置三组插座(单相二线加三线插座)。如果墙面面积有限的话,也可考虑使用插座组。这样既保证了两种以上的电器同时使用,提高了居民的操作效率,还为今后厨房电器的增多预留了使用条件,同时也可尽量避免电气火灾的发生。
2)抽油烟机一般安装于烟道旁的位置上,因此烟机专用插座应设在烟道旁的墙壁上。通过实测抽油烟机的顶高通常在2米左后,因此插座高度应定为2.2米为宜,以免安装抽油烟机时与插座的位置相碰,造成不必要的调整。
3)壁挂燃气炉安装在厨房内,应设置其电源插座。此外,考虑家用壁装式可燃气体报警器一般为单相两极插头,可与壁挂燃气炉共用插座,故选用单相二线加三线插座为宜。根据实际情况,可预埋燃气探测器管线至楼层安防箱,以便今后做消防联网之用。
4)冰箱插座结合建筑专业预期的家具布置,选好安装位置。以往的一些项目中还会遇到在厨房阳台摆放洗衣机,因此也需要设置洗衣机专用插座(带开关型)。