10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体">很多同学对生物学科很感兴趣,但由于生物毕竟是理科科目,很多文科好的同学选择起来还是会犹豫不决。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 其实生物学科远没有大家想象的那么难,下面整理了一些有关于高中生物记忆的口诀,一起来看看吧!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
宋体"> 原核生物、真核生物中易混的单细胞生物区分记忆 :<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> <span lang="EN-US">A.</span>原核生物:一<span lang="EN-US">(</span>衣原体<span lang="EN-US">)</span>支<span lang="EN-US">(</span>支原体<span lang="EN-US">)</span>细<span lang="EN-US">(</span>细菌<span lang="EN-US">)</span>蓝<span lang="EN-US">(</span>蓝藻<span lang="EN-US">)</span>子<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> <span lang="EN-US">B.</span>真核生物:一<span lang="EN-US">(</span>衣藻<span lang="EN-US">)</span>团<span lang="EN-US">(</span>藻<span lang="EN-US">)</span>酵母<span lang="EN-US">(</span>菌<span lang="EN-US">)</span>发霉<span lang="EN-US">(</span>菌<span lang="EN-US">)</span>了<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> <span lang="EN-US">C.</span>原核生物中有唯一的细胞器:原<span lang="EN-US">(</span>原核生物<span lang="EN-US">)</span>来有核<span lang="EN-US">(</span>核糖体<span lang="EN-US">)<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 显微镜使用要领:对光记得要三转,一看二降三反向,粗准找象调细望。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 注:对光记得要三转<span lang="EN-US">(</span>三转<span lang="EN-US">=</span>转换器、遮光器、反光镜<span lang="EN-US">)</span>,一看二降三反向<span lang="EN-US">(</span>反向<span lang="EN-US">=</span>在显微镜中看到的象与原象左右相反,上下相反<span lang="EN-US">)</span>,粗准找象<span lang="EN-US">(</span>找象<span lang="EN-US">=</span>将象移至视野中央<span lang="EN-US">)</span>调细望。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 使用显微镜的步骤:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> ①取出显微镜,安上目镜、物镜,转动转换器、遮光器、反光镜使视野明亮<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> ②放上玻片,在低倍镜下观察清楚后,把要放大观察的物象移至视野中央<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> ③转动转换器,换成高倍物镜<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> ④观察并用细准焦螺旋调焦。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 大量元素包括:洋人探亲,丹留人盖美家。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 注:洋<span lang="EN-US">(</span>洋<span lang="EN-US">=</span>氧<span lang="EN-US">O)</span>人<span lang="EN-US">(</span>人<span lang="EN-US">=People=P=</span>磷<span lang="EN-US">P)</span>探<span lang="EN-US">(</span>探<span lang="EN-US">=</span>碳<span lang="EN-US">C)</span>亲<span lang="EN-US">(</span>亲<span lang="EN-US">=</span>氢<span lang="EN-US">H)</span>,丹<span lang="EN-US">(</span>丹<span lang="EN-US">=</span>氮<span lang="EN-US">N)</span>留<span lang="EN-US">(</span>留<span lang="EN-US">=</span>硫<span lang="EN-US">S)</span>人盖<span lang="EN-US">(</span>盖<span lang="EN-US">=</span>钙<span lang="EN-US">Ca)</span>美<span lang="EN-US">(</span>美<span lang="EN-US">=</span>镁<span lang="EN-US">Mg)</span>家<span lang="EN-US">(</span>家<span lang="EN-US">=</span>钾<span lang="EN-US">K)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 大量元素:<span lang="EN-US">C</span>、<span lang="EN-US">H</span>、<span lang="EN-US">O</span>、<span lang="EN-US">N</span>、<span lang="EN-US">P</span>、<span lang="EN-US">S</span>、<span lang="EN-US">K</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Ca</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Mg</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 微量元素包括:新铁臂阿童木,猛!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 注:新<span lang="EN-US">(</span>新<span lang="EN-US">=</span>锌<span lang="EN-US">Zn)</span>铁<span lang="EN-US">(</span>铁<span lang="EN-US">=</span>铁<span lang="EN-US">Fe)</span>臂<span lang="EN-US">(</span>臂<span lang="EN-US">=B=</span>硼<span lang="EN-US">B)</span>阿童<span lang="EN-US">(</span>童<span lang="EN-US">=</span>铜<span lang="EN-US">Cu)</span>木<span lang="EN-US">(</span>木<span lang="EN-US">=</span>钼<span lang="EN-US">Mo)</span>,猛<span lang="EN-US">(</span>猛<span lang="EN-US">=</span>锰<span lang="EN-US">Mn)</span>!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 微量元素:<span lang="EN-US">Fe</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Mn</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Zn</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Cu</span>、<span lang="EN-US">B</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Mo</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
宋体"> 矿质元素<span lang="EN-US">N</span>、<span lang="EN-US">P</span>、<span lang="EN-US">K</span>的作用
:淋浴蛋黄得甲肝。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 注:淋<span lang="EN-US">(</span>淋<span lang="EN-US">=</span>磷<span lang="EN-US">P)</span>浴<span lang="EN-US">(</span>浴<span lang="EN-US">=</span>绿<span lang="EN-US">)</span>蛋<span lang="EN-US">(</span>蛋<span lang="EN-US">=</span>氮<span lang="EN-US">N)</span>黄得甲<span lang="EN-US">(</span>甲<span lang="EN-US">=</span>钾<span lang="EN-US">K)</span>肝<span lang="EN-US">(</span>肝<span lang="EN-US">=</span>杆<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 缺<span lang="EN-US">P</span>时叶子暗绿;缺氮时叶子发黄;缺钾时茎杆不坚韧,易倒伏。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 物质鉴定的歌诀:斐林红糖,苏丹脂肪,蛋白双缩,淀粉碘蓝。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 注:斐林<span lang="EN-US">(</span>斐林<span lang="EN-US">=</span>斐林试剂<span lang="EN-US">)</span>红<span lang="EN-US">(</span>红<span lang="EN-US">=</span>砖红色沉淀<span lang="EN-US">)</span>糖<span lang="EN-US">(</span>糖<span lang="EN-US">=</span>还原性糖<span lang="EN-US">)</span>,苏丹<span lang="EN-US">(</span>苏丹<span lang="EN-US">=</span>苏丹<span lang="EN-US">Ⅲ</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Ⅳ</span>染液<span lang="EN-US">)</span>脂肪,蛋白<span lang="EN-US">(</span>蛋白<span lang="EN-US">=</span>蛋白质<span lang="EN-US">)</span>双缩<span lang="EN-US">(</span>双缩<span lang="EN-US">=</span>双缩脲试剂<span lang="EN-US">)</span>,淀粉碘<span lang="EN-US">(</span>碘<span lang="EN-US">=</span>碘液<span lang="EN-US">)</span>蓝<span lang="EN-US">(</span>蓝<span lang="EN-US">=</span>蓝色<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 斐林试剂与还原性糖在水浴加热的条件下生成砖红色沉淀;苏丹Ⅲ可以将脂肪染成橘黄色、苏丹Ⅳ则可以将脂肪染成红色<span lang="EN-US">(</span>通过这两个现象可宏观观测某物质是否含有脂肪,但要看到脂肪粒则需要在显微镜的条件下才能看到<span lang="EN-US">)</span>;双缩脲试剂可与蛋白质<span lang="EN-US">(</span>作用部位是肽键<span lang="EN-US">)</span>生成紫色;淀粉遇碘变蓝。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 蛋白质的功能:狗催运面条。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 注:狗<span lang="EN-US">(</span>狗<span lang="EN-US">=</span>构<span lang="EN-US">=</span>构成细胞和生物体结构<span lang="EN-US">)</span>催<span lang="EN-US">(</span>催<span lang="EN-US">=</span>催化功能<span lang="EN-US">)</span>运<span lang="EN-US">(</span>运<span lang="EN-US">=</span>运输载体功能<span lang="EN-US">)</span>面<span lang="EN-US">(</span>面<span lang="EN-US">=</span>免<span lang="EN-US">=</span>免疫功能<span lang="EN-US">)</span>条<span lang="EN-US">(</span>条<span lang="EN-US">=</span>调<span lang="EN-US">=</span>调节机体的生命活动<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 蛋白质有构成细胞核生物体结构的功能<span lang="EN-US">(</span>结构蛋白<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、催化功能<span lang="EN-US">(</span>如酶<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、运输载体的功能<span lang="EN-US">(</span>如血红蛋白<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、传递信息调节机体生命活动的功能<span lang="EN-US">(</span>如胰岛素<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、免疫功能<span lang="EN-US">(</span>如抗体<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> </span></p>"/>
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体">很多同学对生物学科很感兴趣,但由于生物毕竟是理科科目,很多文科好的同学选择起来还是会犹豫不决。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 其实生物学科远没有大家想象的那么难,下面整理了一些有关于高中生物记忆的口诀,一起来看看吧!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
宋体"> 原核生物、真核生物中易混的单细胞生物区分记忆 :<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> <span lang="EN-US">A.</span>原核生物:一<span lang="EN-US">(</span>衣原体<span lang="EN-US">)</span>支<span lang="EN-US">(</span>支原体<span lang="EN-US">)</span>细<span lang="EN-US">(</span>细菌<span lang="EN-US">)</span>蓝<span lang="EN-US">(</span>蓝藻<span lang="EN-US">)</span>子<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> <span lang="EN-US">B.</span>真核生物:一<span lang="EN-US">(</span>衣藻<span lang="EN-US">)</span>团<span lang="EN-US">(</span>藻<span lang="EN-US">)</span>酵母<span lang="EN-US">(</span>菌<span lang="EN-US">)</span>发霉<span lang="EN-US">(</span>菌<span lang="EN-US">)</span>了<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> <span lang="EN-US">C.</span>原核生物中有唯一的细胞器:原<span lang="EN-US">(</span>原核生物<span lang="EN-US">)</span>来有核<span lang="EN-US">(</span>核糖体<span lang="EN-US">)<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 显微镜使用要领:对光记得要三转,一看二降三反向,粗准找象调细望。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 注:对光记得要三转<span lang="EN-US">(</span>三转<span lang="EN-US">=</span>转换器、遮光器、反光镜<span lang="EN-US">)</span>,一看二降三反向<span lang="EN-US">(</span>反向<span lang="EN-US">=</span>在显微镜中看到的象与原象左右相反,上下相反<span lang="EN-US">)</span>,粗准找象<span lang="EN-US">(</span>找象<span lang="EN-US">=</span>将象移至视野中央<span lang="EN-US">)</span>调细望。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 使用显微镜的步骤:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> ①取出显微镜,安上目镜、物镜,转动转换器、遮光器、反光镜使视野明亮<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> ②放上玻片,在低倍镜下观察清楚后,把要放大观察的物象移至视野中央<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> ③转动转换器,换成高倍物镜<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> ④观察并用细准焦螺旋调焦。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 大量元素包括:洋人探亲,丹留人盖美家。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 注:洋<span lang="EN-US">(</span>洋<span lang="EN-US">=</span>氧<span lang="EN-US">O)</span>人<span lang="EN-US">(</span>人<span lang="EN-US">=People=P=</span>磷<span lang="EN-US">P)</span>探<span lang="EN-US">(</span>探<span lang="EN-US">=</span>碳<span lang="EN-US">C)</span>亲<span lang="EN-US">(</span>亲<span lang="EN-US">=</span>氢<span lang="EN-US">H)</span>,丹<span lang="EN-US">(</span>丹<span lang="EN-US">=</span>氮<span lang="EN-US">N)</span>留<span lang="EN-US">(</span>留<span lang="EN-US">=</span>硫<span lang="EN-US">S)</span>人盖<span lang="EN-US">(</span>盖<span lang="EN-US">=</span>钙<span lang="EN-US">Ca)</span>美<span lang="EN-US">(</span>美<span lang="EN-US">=</span>镁<span lang="EN-US">Mg)</span>家<span lang="EN-US">(</span>家<span lang="EN-US">=</span>钾<span lang="EN-US">K)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 大量元素:<span lang="EN-US">C</span>、<span lang="EN-US">H</span>、<span lang="EN-US">O</span>、<span lang="EN-US">N</span>、<span lang="EN-US">P</span>、<span lang="EN-US">S</span>、<span lang="EN-US">K</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Ca</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Mg</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 微量元素包括:新铁臂阿童木,猛!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 注:新<span lang="EN-US">(</span>新<span lang="EN-US">=</span>锌<span lang="EN-US">Zn)</span>铁<span lang="EN-US">(</span>铁<span lang="EN-US">=</span>铁<span lang="EN-US">Fe)</span>臂<span lang="EN-US">(</span>臂<span lang="EN-US">=B=</span>硼<span lang="EN-US">B)</span>阿童<span lang="EN-US">(</span>童<span lang="EN-US">=</span>铜<span lang="EN-US">Cu)</span>木<span lang="EN-US">(</span>木<span lang="EN-US">=</span>钼<span lang="EN-US">Mo)</span>,猛<span lang="EN-US">(</span>猛<span lang="EN-US">=</span>锰<span lang="EN-US">Mn)</span>!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 微量元素:<span lang="EN-US">Fe</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Mn</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Zn</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Cu</span>、<span lang="EN-US">B</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Mo</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
宋体"> 矿质元素<span lang="EN-US">N</span>、<span lang="EN-US">P</span>、<span lang="EN-US">K</span>的作用
:淋浴蛋黄得甲肝。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 注:淋<span lang="EN-US">(</span>淋<span lang="EN-US">=</span>磷<span lang="EN-US">P)</span>浴<span lang="EN-US">(</span>浴<span lang="EN-US">=</span>绿<span lang="EN-US">)</span>蛋<span lang="EN-US">(</span>蛋<span lang="EN-US">=</span>氮<span lang="EN-US">N)</span>黄得甲<span lang="EN-US">(</span>甲<span lang="EN-US">=</span>钾<span lang="EN-US">K)</span>肝<span lang="EN-US">(</span>肝<span lang="EN-US">=</span>杆<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 缺<span lang="EN-US">P</span>时叶子暗绿;缺氮时叶子发黄;缺钾时茎杆不坚韧,易倒伏。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 物质鉴定的歌诀:斐林红糖,苏丹脂肪,蛋白双缩,淀粉碘蓝。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 注:斐林<span lang="EN-US">(</span>斐林<span lang="EN-US">=</span>斐林试剂<span lang="EN-US">)</span>红<span lang="EN-US">(</span>红<span lang="EN-US">=</span>砖红色沉淀<span lang="EN-US">)</span>糖<span lang="EN-US">(</span>糖<span lang="EN-US">=</span>还原性糖<span lang="EN-US">)</span>,苏丹<span lang="EN-US">(</span>苏丹<span lang="EN-US">=</span>苏丹<span lang="EN-US">Ⅲ</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Ⅳ</span>染液<span lang="EN-US">)</span>脂肪,蛋白<span lang="EN-US">(</span>蛋白<span lang="EN-US">=</span>蛋白质<span lang="EN-US">)</span>双缩<span lang="EN-US">(</span>双缩<span lang="EN-US">=</span>双缩脲试剂<span lang="EN-US">)</span>,淀粉碘<span lang="EN-US">(</span>碘<span lang="EN-US">=</span>碘液<span lang="EN-US">)</span>蓝<span lang="EN-US">(</span>蓝<span lang="EN-US">=</span>蓝色<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 斐林试剂与还原性糖在水浴加热的条件下生成砖红色沉淀;苏丹Ⅲ可以将脂肪染成橘黄色、苏丹Ⅳ则可以将脂肪染成红色<span lang="EN-US">(</span>通过这两个现象可宏观观测某物质是否含有脂肪,但要看到脂肪粒则需要在显微镜的条件下才能看到<span lang="EN-US">)</span>;双缩脲试剂可与蛋白质<span lang="EN-US">(</span>作用部位是肽键<span lang="EN-US">)</span>生成紫色;淀粉遇碘变蓝。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 蛋白质的功能:狗催运面条。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 注:狗<span lang="EN-US">(</span>狗<span lang="EN-US">=</span>构<span lang="EN-US">=</span>构成细胞和生物体结构<span lang="EN-US">)</span>催<span lang="EN-US">(</span>催<span lang="EN-US">=</span>催化功能<span lang="EN-US">)</span>运<span lang="EN-US">(</span>运<span lang="EN-US">=</span>运输载体功能<span lang="EN-US">)</span>面<span lang="EN-US">(</span>面<span lang="EN-US">=</span>免<span lang="EN-US">=</span>免疫功能<span lang="EN-US">)</span>条<span lang="EN-US">(</span>条<span lang="EN-US">=</span>调<span lang="EN-US">=</span>调节机体的生命活动<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> 蛋白质有构成细胞核生物体结构的功能<span lang="EN-US">(</span>结构蛋白<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、催化功能<span lang="EN-US">(</span>如酶<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、运输载体的功能<span lang="EN-US">(</span>如血红蛋白<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、传递信息调节机体生命活动的功能<span lang="EN-US">(</span>如胰岛素<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、免疫功能<span lang="EN-US">(</span>如抗体<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体"> </span></p>"/>
很多同学对生物学科很感兴趣,但由于生物毕竟是理科科目,很多文科好的同学选择起来还是会犹豫不决。
其实生物学科远没有大家想象的那么难,下面整理了一些有关于高中生物记忆的口诀,一起来看看吧!
原核生物、真核生物中易混的单细胞生物区分记忆 :
A.原核生物:一(衣原体)支(支原体)细(细菌)蓝(蓝藻)子
B.真核生物:一(衣藻)团(藻)酵母(菌)发霉(菌)了
C.原核生物中有唯一的细胞器:原(原核生物)来有核(核糖体)
显微镜使用要领:对光记得要三转,一看二降三反向,粗准找象调细望。
注:对光记得要三转(三转=转换器、遮光器、反光镜),一看二降三反向(反向=在显微镜中看到的象与原象左右相反,上下相反),粗准找象(找象=将象移至视野中央)调细望。
使用显微镜的步骤:
①取出显微镜,安上目镜、物镜,转动转换器、遮光器、反光镜使视野明亮
②放上玻片,在低倍镜下观察清楚后,把要放大观察的物象移至视野中央
③转动转换器,换成高倍物镜
④观察并用细准焦螺旋调焦。
大量元素包括:洋人探亲,丹留人盖美家。
注:洋(洋=氧O)人(人=People=P=磷P)探(探=碳C)亲(亲=氢H),丹(丹=氮N)留(留=硫S)人盖(盖=钙Ca)美(美=镁Mg)家(家=钾K)。
大量元素:C、H、O、N、P、S、K、Ca、Mg。
微量元素包括:新铁臂阿童木,猛!
注:新(新=锌Zn)铁(铁=铁Fe)臂(臂=B=硼B)阿童(童=铜Cu)木(木=钼Mo),猛(猛=锰Mn)!
微量元素:Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu、B、Mo。
矿质元素N、P、K的作用
:淋浴蛋黄得甲肝。
注:淋(淋=磷P)浴(浴=绿)蛋(蛋=氮N)黄得甲(甲=钾K)肝(肝=杆)。
缺P时叶子暗绿;缺氮时叶子发黄;缺钾时茎杆不坚韧,易倒伏。
物质鉴定的歌诀:斐林红糖,苏丹脂肪,蛋白双缩,淀粉碘蓝。
注:斐林(斐林=斐林试剂)红(红=砖红色沉淀)糖(糖=还原性糖),苏丹(苏丹=苏丹Ⅲ、Ⅳ染液)脂肪,蛋白(蛋白=蛋白质)双缩(双缩=双缩脲试剂),淀粉碘(碘=碘液)蓝(蓝=蓝色)。
斐林试剂与还原性糖在水浴加热的条件下生成砖红色沉淀;苏丹Ⅲ可以将脂肪染成橘黄色、苏丹Ⅳ则可以将脂肪染成红色(通过这两个现象可宏观观测某物质是否含有脂肪,但要看到脂肪粒则需要在显微镜的条件下才能看到);双缩脲试剂可与蛋白质(作用部位是肽键)生成紫色;淀粉遇碘变蓝。
蛋白质的功能:狗催运面条。
注:狗(狗=构=构成细胞和生物体结构)催(催=催化功能)运(运=运输载体功能)面(面=免=免疫功能)条(条=调=调节机体的生命活动)。
蛋白质有构成细胞核生物体结构的功能(结构蛋白)、催化功能(如酶)、运输载体的功能(如血红蛋白)、传递信息调节机体生命活动的功能(如胰岛素)、免疫功能(如抗体)。