托福阅读如何做好指代题？4种常用解题基本思路详细讲解

1. 就近指代

所谓就近指代，就是被指代对象通常在指代词前不远处，如本句或上一句中。有时也出现在更前面的一句中。

2. 数格一致

被指代对象通常与指代词在数(如单数或复数)和格(主格或宾格)两方面相同。如单数代词one指代单数名词，复数代词they指代复数名词。

平行结构主要包括some/most/many/such/each…, others…; not only…but also…; the former…the latter等。在这种结构中，平行结构两个部分的两个代词经常指代同一对象：前一句中的名词主语。例如，Southwest France in the 1940s, playing children discovered Lascaux Grotto, a series of narrow cave chambers that contain huge prehistoric paintings of animals. Many of these beasts are as large as 16 feet (almost 5 meters). Some follow each other in solemn parades, but others swirl about, sideways and upside down.

The word others in the passage refers to

A. chambers

B. paintings

C. beasts

D. parades

原文包含平行结构some…others，它们都指代前一句中的名词主语beasts，因此第三个选项为正确答案。

所有格代词经常指代其前面与其最接近的名词。例如，

Folk-made objects give way to their popular equivalent, usually because the popular item is more quickly or cheaply produced, is easier or time saving to use, or lends more prestige to the owner.

The word “their” in line 1 refers to

A. folk

B. nations

C. countries

D. objects

根据所有格指代的解题技巧，their指代前面位置最近的名词objects，因此D为正确答案。

以上就是托福阅读中指代类题目的4种基本解题思路讲解，解答这一题型时正确率较低容易做错的同学赶紧来学习了解一下吧。